Hampir setahun aku tak update blog ni. Takpe, better late than never.
So, straigth to the main topic of introduction of Geochemistry.
So, basically the petroleum can be divided into two theories:
1) BIOGENIC THEORY - Petroleum is generated by effects of heat and pressure on the organic remains of living organic matter.
-So mengikut teori biogenic (beiogenic: material produced from liviing organic matter or their activities), petroleum ni terhasil daripada kesan tekanan dan yang kuat pada sesuatu organic living thing. Macam benda2 mati seperti tumbuhan dan binatang yang dah mati, so lama2 kena pressure dan suhu, dia jadi la petroleum.
2) ABIOGENIC THEORY : used the abiotic hypothesis where the hydrocarbons found in the petroleum in the full suite can be generated by the mantle from abiogenic processes and the hydrocarbon is generated to the crust until they escape to the surface or trapped by impermeable strata, forming petroleum reservoirs.
-Mengikut teori TAKbiogenic (baca: abiogenic) ni dia cakap petroleum ni terbentuk dari perut bumi kat mantle yang panas gile babeng tu thru abiogenic process dan petroleum tu pun bergerak ke lapisan gerak nak gi permukaan bumi, dan on the way tu dia mungkin akan trapped by the lapisan tak leh tembus dan membentuk petroleum reservoir.
Abiogenic theory ni lebih kepada macam mistik dan 'tetiba' lah minyak ni muncul dari perut bumi.
Tapi, still ada evidence yang menyokong teori ni.
4 EVIDENCES IN ABIOGENIC THEORY
1. Meteorites and other extra-terrestrial bodies have evidence of presence methane.
-Basically, minyak ni dari terbentuk dari molekul asas (?) methane (CH4). Dan methane ni leh present kt meteorites dan juga lain2 benda yang kt galaksi mungkin yang memerlukan haba yang tinggi. so dats why la, petroleum ni dia cakap lebih kurang mcm tu lah terbentuk dari metal bumi, bukan dari hidupan yang mati.
2. All the compound of petroleum can in petroleum can be prepared by the inorganic methods.
-So, kalau biogenic claim yang petroleum ni dari hidupan mati, abiogenic nak claim yang kenapa sume compound yang ada dalam petroleum leh terbentuk secara takorganic. which means ,tak memerlukan hidupan pun. Sebab molekul2 yang diperlukan utk wat petroleum ni ada je kt mantle bumi.
3. Thermodynamically, methance can polymerize to higher homologue at high temperature and temperature which is at mantle.
-So, if bukan kt mantle minyak ni produce, how come the methane dan polymerize to long homologue kan? this long homologue is very important in the generation of petroleum.
4. Oil is found in granitic rock in Vietnam.
-So, basically batu granite batu igneous yang terhasil daripada suhu yang tinggi. basically dia banyak dekat dgn mantle la. so bila granitic rock kt Vietnam ni ada minyak, maka terbuktilah yang minyak ni terhasil dari mantle, bukannya dari living things.
However, these 4 evidences ada arguments and problems jugak.
5 PROBLEMS IN ABIOGENIC THEORY
1. UNPREDICTABLE
-Kalau la petroleum ni terbentuk dari mantle, camne la geosciences nak tahu lokasi minyak tu kan. Unpredictable and absurd plak aku rasa. ye la, tak ke meroyan kita nak cari mana minyak sbb dia sukahati je nak pergi mana. so tak logik la kalau dia cakap petroleum ni dari mantle.
2. DOESNT ACCEPT BIOMARKERS
-Petroleum yang terhasil dia ada biomarkers. meaning, ada hidupan dalam petroleum ni yang akan jadi markers yang menentukan history minyak ni. dia cam ala-ala DNA la. so,kalau kita ckp petroleum ni abiogenic process, camne biomarker tu leh wujud and preserved?
3. CANNOT EXPLAIN PRESENCE OF PORPHYRINS (CHLOROPHYLL)
-Petroleum kalau dikaji secara chemically, we can say that it contain the porphyrins which is chlorophyll that produced from plant. hujahnya sama mcm biomarkers, kalau kita ckp petroleum ni abiogenic process, camne porphyrins tu leh wujud and preserved?
4. CANNOT EXPLAIN OPTICAL ROTATION
-Bila minyak ni pass thru the plain polarisation, the colour will change when the crude oil pass thru it. so, how it can be happened? the only answer is because the organic matter that presence in it yang mengubah the frequency and all the properties which affect the result of the optical rotation.
5. AVERAGE CARBON ISOTOPE COMPOSITION OF PETROLEUM DO NOT SUPPORT.
more details
PETROLEUM [HISTORY - TODAY]
